Quick answer: 31 butterfly and moth host plants are native to New Mexico, 30 with a live listing as of 04 Nov 2026.
31 species
- Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi · 34 states
- Big bluestem Andropogon gerardii · 41 states
- Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta · 44 states
- Blue grama Bouteloua gracilis · 19 states
- Buffalograss Bouteloua dactyloides · 19 states
- Butterflyweed Asclepias tuberosa · 40 states
- Canada wild rye Elymus canadensis · 37 states
- Cenizo sage Leucophyllum frutescens · 2 states
- Chokecherry Prunus virginiana · 44 states
- Desert willow Chilopsis linearis · 5 states
- Eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides · 42 states
- Fireweed Chamerion angustifolium · 37 states
- Gambel oak Quercus gambelii · 8 states
- Green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica · 43 states
- Honey mesquite Prosopis glandulosa · 4 states
- Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans · 37 states
- Indigo bush Amorpha fruticosa · 37 states
- Little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium · 42 states
- Mexican buckeye Ungnadia speciosa · 2 states
- Parry's agave Agave parryi · 2 states
- Pearly everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea · 38 states
- Quaking aspen Populus tremuloides · 39 states
- Red-osier dogwood Cornus sericea · 36 states
- Rocky Mountain bee plant Peritoma serrulata · 26 states
- Sideoats grama Bouteloua curtipendula · 38 states
- Smooth sumac Rhus glabra · 42 states
- Swamp milkweed Asclepias incarnata · 37 states
- Switchgrass Panicum virgatum · 43 states
- Virginia creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia · 40 states
- Winecup Callirhoe involucrata · 16 states
- Yellow bells (esperanza) Tecoma stans · 3 states
Butterfly and moth host plants in New Mexico: what to know
31 of the 107 plants native to New Mexico in this directory fit this need: 29% of the state's list, above the 23% share across all species.
Between them they flower from February through December, with the most in bloom in June. Mixing early and late bloomers keeps the planting useful all season.
Many do double duty: 31 are also good for pollinators, 27 are also drought-tolerant, 25 are also good for birds.
29 of them grow in full or partial sun and 10 tolerate shade, so there are options for open beds and woodland edges alike. Sizes run from low plants like Black-eyed Susan and Buffalograss to trees such as Bearberry and Chokecherry. For wildlife, 31 support pollinators, 25 provide food or cover for birds and 31 are caterpillar host plants.
30 of the 31 have a seed or plant listing we verified as the wild species. Be careful buying Black-eyed Susan, Indiangrass, Switchgrass: common listings for these are often a bred variety or a different species.
Good places to start
Verified wild-species listings that take sun and are widely native, so they are forgiving first plants.
- Chokecherry Prunus virginiana · Sun, Part Shade, Shade · blooms Apr-Jul
- Green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica · Sun, Part Shade, Shade · blooms Apr-Jun
- Eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides · Sun, Part Shade, Shade · blooms Feb-Apr